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[目的]探讨氧化应激在高碘和(或)高氟致甲状腺损伤中的作用。[方法]建立50 mmol/L KI(高碘)、1 mmol/L Na F(高氟)、50 mmol/L KI+1 mmol/L Na F(高碘高氟)暴露的甲状腺细胞模型和含1.685 mg/L KIO3自来水(高碘)、含20 mg/L Na F自来水(高氟)、含1.685 mg/L KIO3+20 mg/L Na F自来水(高碘高氟)暴露的Wistar大鼠模型并开展人群流行病学调查,采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法、流式细胞术、分光光度法、电极法、比色法、放射法等检测细胞活性、活性氧(ROS)水平,大鼠尿碘、尿氟、血液丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平,人血清ROS及三碘甲状腺素(T3)、甲状腺素(T4)和促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平。[结果]对照组细胞的活力为(100.00±0.00)%,而高碘、高氟及高碘高氟组下降为(73.54±8.37)%、(84.54±7.55)%和(72.62±7.15)%(P<0.05),且高碘和(或)高氟组均可改变细胞形态;相对于对照组细胞的ROS荧光度(1 409.50±208.46),高氟及高碘高氟组的ROS荧光度上升,分别为2 304.15±390.47和2 669.24±646.80(P<0.05)。高碘及高碘高氟联合均明显升高大鼠尿碘水平(P<0.05);高氟及高碘高氟联合明显升高大鼠尿氟水平(P<0.05);高碘和(或)高氟可改变大鼠甲状腺滤泡形状;雄性对照组大鼠MDA水平为(3.00±0.33)μmol/L,高氟组大鼠MDA水平上升为(4.27±0.82)μmol/L(P<0.05),同时雄性对照组大鼠SOD水平为(300.92±36.02)×103 U/L,而高氟组下降为(226.33±41.21)×103 U/L(P<0.05)。儿童高碘高氟组T4浓度明显上升(P<0.05);高氟及高碘高氟组儿童血清ROS水平由对照组的(72.83±13.70)×103 IU/L上升为(76.65±125.45)×103 IU/L及(89.95±63.85)×103 IU/L(P<0.05)。[结论]高碘和(或)高氟可造成甲状腺损伤,未发现高碘可致机体氧化应激,但氧化应激参与了高氟及高碘高氟致甲状腺损伤的过程。
[Objective] To investigate the role of oxidative stress in the thyroid injury induced by high iodine and / or high fluoride. [Method] Thyroid cell models exposed to 50 mmol / L KI (high iodine), 1 mmol / L NaF (high fluorine), 50 mmol / L KI + 1 mmol / L NaF 1.685 mg / L KIO3 tap water (high iodine) containing 20 mg / L NaF tap water (high fluoride), Wistar rat model containing 1.685 mg / L KIO3 + 20 mg / L NaF tap water The population epidemiological investigation was carried out. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, urinary iodine (Iodine) and urinary iodine (Iodine) were measured by MTT assay, flow cytometry, spectrophotometry, , Urinary fluoride, blood malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), human serum ROS and thyroid hormone (T3), thyroid hormone (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) [Results] The viability of cells in the control group was (100.00 ± 0.00)%, while it was (73.54 ± 8.37)%, (84.54 ± 7.55)% and (72.62 ± 7.15)% in the high iodine, (P <0.05), and high iodine and / or high fluoride group can change the cell morphology; relative to the control group cells ROS fluorescence (1 409.50 ± 208.46), high fluoride and high iodine high fluoride group ROS fluorescence Increased by 2 304.15 ± 390.47 and 2 669.24 ± 646.80, respectively (P <0.05). The combination of high iodine and high iodine and high fluoride significantly increased the level of urinary iodine in rats (P <0.05). The combination of high fluoride and high iodine and high fluoride significantly increased urinary fluoride levels in rats (P <0.05) Fluoride could change the shape of thyroid follicles in rats. The level of MDA in the male control group was (3.00 ± 0.33) μmol / L and the level of MDA in the high fluoride group was (4.27 ± 0.82) μmol / L (P <0.05) Meanwhile, the SOD level in the male control group was (300.92 ± 36.02) × 103 U / L, while that in the high fluoride group was (226.33 ± 41.21) × 103 U / L (P <0.05). The concentration of T4 in children with high iodine and high fluoride group increased significantly (P <0.05), while the level of serum ROS in children with high fluoride and high iodine group increased from (72.83 ± 13.70) × 103 IU / L to (76.65 ± 125.45) × 103 IU / L and (89.95 ± 63.85) × 103 IU / L (P <0.05). [Conclusion] High iodine and / or high fluoride can cause thyroid damage. No high iodine can induce oxidative stress in the body, but oxidative stress is involved in the process of thyroid damage induced by high fluoride and high iodine.