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在Web 2.0时代,公共治理面临着网络新发展带来的机遇和挑战,对此背景下公共治理的特征和路径进行深度探索,具有十分重要的理论价值。Web 2.0时代的公共治理具有即时性的治理时域、可扩展性的治理空域、多元化的治理主体、互动性的治理方式、共享性的治理功能、泛在化的治理环境等主要特征,需在此基础上进行新的路径选择。加强公共治理社会动员、强化公共治理威信服人、严格公共治理准则约束、优化公共治理报偿激励,可以形成由“社会动员、威信服人、准则约束、报偿激励”组成的四维一体的公共治理路径。“社会动员”是通过社交媒体等多种沟通方式影响和改变社会组织和社会成员的认识和态度,引导和号召社会成员积极参与公共治理。“威信服人”是运用公信力来确立权威,顺应多元化的趋势,平衡各个治理主体的权力关系。“准则约束”是运用法律法规、规章制度、行为准则、技术标准等众多具体形式,通过各种治理准则来引导和形成治理秩序。“报偿激励”是指采用报偿手段激发社会组织和民众为实现公共治理最优化的目标而采取积极自觉的行动,是实现社会公共治理目标和任务的重要手段。
In the era of Web 2.0, public governance faces the opportunities and challenges brought by the new development of the Internet. It is of great theoretical value to deeply explore the characteristics and paths of public governance in this context. The public governance in the Web 2.0 era possesses such main features as immediate governance time domain, extensible governance airspace, diversified governance entities, interactive governance, shared governance functions and ubiquitous governance environment. On this basis, a new path to choose. Strengthen the social mobilization of public governance, strengthen the prestige and perseverance of public governance, strictly regulate the public governance, and optimize the compensation incentive of public governance, and form a four-dimensional public body composed of “social mobilization, prestige, norms, compensation incentives ” Governance path. “Social mobilization ” is to guide and call for the active participation of members of society in public governance by influencing and changing the awareness and attitude of social organizations and members of society through various means of communication such as social media. “Prestige convincing people ” is the use of credibility to establish authority, conform to the trend of diversification, balance the power of the various governance entities. “Standards constraints ” is the use of laws and regulations, rules and regulations, codes of conduct, technical standards and many other specific forms, through a variety of governance guidelines to guide and form a governance order. “Incentive Compensation ” refers to the use of compensation means to stimulate social organizations and people to achieve the goal of optimizing public governance to take active and conscious action is to achieve the goals and tasks of public administration an important means.