石油对海洋的污染是当前海洋环境保护工作中的一个重要问题,解决和处理石油污染对于保护海洋环境、维护海洋生态平衡等具有重要意义。要消除海洋石油污染,首先要弄清楚石油在海洋中的迁移与转化规律,即海洋溢油的发生、发展与消失的过程。研究表明,石油作为污染物一旦溢入海面,将发生扩散,挥发、乳化、溶解,光氧化、形成石油聚合体、吸 Oil pollution to the ocean is an important issue in the current marine environmental protection work. It is of great significance to solve and handle oil pollution for the protection of the marine environment and the maintenance of marine ecological balance. To eliminate the oil pollution in the oceans, we must first understand the law of the migration and transformation of petroleum in the oceans, that is, the process of the occurrence, development and disappearance of ocean oil spills. Studies have shown that once the oil spills into the sea as a pollutant, it will diffuse, volatilize, emulsify, dissolve, photooxidize, form a petroleum polymer, and absorb