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配额制是提高妇女参政比例的有效措施之一。本文通过对山西T县农村妇女参政配额制实施状况的调研,分析了影响农村妇女参政配额制实施效果的积极因素和消极因素。积极因素主要包括完善的配额制配套措施,妇联组织的积极推动和对妇女进行培训。消极因素既有配额制本身的缺陷,对配额制的认识不足,也有社会文化环境中的不利因素及妇女自身缺乏参政意愿和能力。总体来看,农村妇女参政配额制的实施效果受政策制度、社会文化和妇女自身三个层面因素的影响。
The quota system is one of the effective measures to increase the proportion of women in political participation. Based on the investigation of the implementation of the quota system of rural women’s political participation in T County of Shanxi Province, this paper analyzes the positive and negative factors that affect the implementation effect of rural women’s political quota system. The positive factors mainly include sound quota system supporting measures, the active promotion of women’s federations and the training of women. Negative factors include the defects of the quota system itself, lack of understanding of the quota system, unfavorable factors in socio-cultural environment and women’s own lack of willingness and willingness to participate in government. In general, the effect of the quota system for rural women’s political participation is affected by the three factors of the policy system, social culture and women themselves.