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目的了解不同职业粉尘作业工人的生存状况。方法自制调查表,采用多级抽样方法对某市不同职业粉尘作业工人进行抽样调查。结果粉尘作业工人文化程度以初中为主,占61.91%;平均月收入在1 500~1 999元者居多,占58.01%,各职业收入差别有统计学意义(χ2=60.87,P<0.01)。经过岗位培训的只占47.74%,在工作中采取防护措施的占79.98%,加班率为45.17%。结论应加强粉尘作业工人的职业培训和劳动保障,改善工人的工作环境,以预防尘肺病的发生,保护工人健康。
Objective To understand the survival of workers in different occupations. Methods Self-made questionnaire, using a multi-level sampling method for dust samples of different occupations in the city to conduct a sample survey. As a result, 61.91% of students graduated from junior high school. The average monthly income was between 1 500 and 1 999 yuan, accounting for 58.01% of the total. The differences among occupations were statistically significant (χ2 = 60.87, P <0.01). After only 47.74% of job training, 79.98% took protective measures at work and the overtime rate was 45.17%. Conclusion Occupational training and labor security for dust-exposed workers should be strengthened so as to improve workers ’working environment so as to prevent pneumoconiosis and protect workers’ health.