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Capon自适应波束形成中,导向矢量误差和协方差矩阵的估计误差均会导致波束形成器的性能下降。针对这一现象,提出一种基于特征值分解的稳健波束形成技术,即在将估计的协方差矩阵特征值分解后,直接对影响波束形成器稳健性能的噪声小特征值进行算术平均处理,以获得接近于理想波束形成器的稳健性能。同时根据试验仿真,给出了用于区分干扰和噪声特征值的门限计算公式,为准确构建特征子空间提供了思路。分析结果表明,与传统的对角加载方法相比,该方法能够达到同样的改善性能,在实际运用中更加直接和有效。
In Capon adaptive beamforming, the estimation errors of the steering vector error and the covariance matrix all lead to the performance degradation of the beamformer. Aiming at this phenomenon, a robust beamforming technique based on eigenvalue decomposition is proposed. After the eigenvalues of the estimated covariance matrix are decomposed, the small noise eigenvalues that affect the robust performance of the beamformer are directly ameliorated by Get close to the ideal beamformer robust performance. At the same time, according to the experimental simulation, the threshold calculation formula for distinguishing the characteristic values of interference and noise is given, which provides a way to construct the characteristic subspace accurately. The analysis results show that compared with the traditional diagonal loading method, this method can achieve the same improvement performance and is more direct and effective in practical application.