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长篇小说《复活》被誉为俄国批判现实主义文学的高峰。它是列夫·托尔斯泰的晚期创作,写于1889——1899年间。这时,作家世界观已经发生了激变,抛弃了上层地主贵族阶层的传统观点,用宗法农民的眼光重新审查了各种社会现象,以最清醒的现实主义态度对当时的国家制度、教会制度、社会制度和经济制度作了激烈的批判。这部作品与《战争与和平》(1863—1869),《安娜·卡列尼娜》(1873—1877)比较起来,有许多新的特色,对俄国社会制度的
The novel “Resurrection” is hailed as the peak of Russian critical realism literature. It is a late Lev Tolstoy’s creation, written in 1889 - 1899. At this time, the writers’ world outlook has undergone a radical change, abandoning the traditional viewpoints of the upper landlord aristocracy, reexamining various social phenomena with the eyes of patriarchal peasants, and using the most sober realistic attitude toward the prevailing national institutions, the church system, the society System and economic system made a fierce criticism. Compared with “War and Peace” (1863-1869) and “Anna Karenina” (1873-1877), this work has many new features that are of great value to the Russian social system