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以江苏省无锡市城乡交错区为例,在8km2范围内,采集102个土壤表层样,利用地统计学和G IS相结合的方法,研究了土壤全量和速效氮、磷、钾的空间变异特征,并对其影响因素进行了探讨。结果表明土壤养分空间变异程度从大到小依次为:土壤全氮>土壤全磷>土壤速效磷>土壤速效氮>土壤速效钾>土壤全钾。土壤全氮空间变异受到土壤类型的影响,土壤全磷的空间变异与居民点分布有关,土壤全钾空间变异与土壤粘粒关系最密切。土壤全量养分和相应的速效养分具有显著相关关系,在空间分布上,也分别存在不同程度的相似性。同时土壤全磷和土壤速效养分受土地利用影响也较大。研究还表明,城乡交错区土壤氮、磷流失风险增加,需要实施有效措施控制氮、磷肥料的过度施用。
Taking urban and rural ecotones in Wuxi of Jiangsu Province as an example, 102 soil surface samples were collected within 8km2. The spatial variability of soil total and available N, P and K was studied by means of geostatistics and G IS. , And discussed its influencing factors. The results showed that the spatial variability of soil nutrients in descending order of soil total nitrogen> total phosphorus in soil> available phosphorus in soil> available nitrogen in soil> available potassium in soil> total potassium in soil. Spatial variability of soil total nitrogen was influenced by soil types. Spatial variability of soil total phosphorus was related to the distribution of settlements. Spatial variability of soil total potassium was most closely related to soil clay. There was a significant correlation between soil total nutrients and corresponding available nutrients, and there were similarities in spatial distribution. Soil total phosphorus and soil available nutrients are also affected by land use. The study also shows that the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in the urban-rural interlaced areas increases, and effective measures need to be taken to control the excessive application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers.