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中共十六届三中全会以来,新一届党中央、国务院高度关注“三农问题”。继温家宝总理指出,“农民如果没有了土地,他们就没有了退路,社会就很难安定。”直至中央连续发出通知,要求各级政府彻底治理整顿土地市场秩序,已基本上遏止了新一轮“圈地运动”。高层的亲民政策,率先落实于斯,盖因土地乃是农民的命根子使然。且不说近代以降,从洪秀全带有空想成分的《天朝田亩制度》,到孙中山的“耕者有其田”,到毛泽东的“把地主的土地分配给农民所有”,反映了民主革命的成功与农民、土地的密切关系;单就苏联党轻视农业、轻视农民而导致丧失政权的惨痛后果之一而言,我们必须吸取历史教训,认识到土地不仅关系到9亿农民的生存权,而且关乎社会稳定和政权的兴衰存亡。有鉴于此,本期特邀苏联史专家、中国社会及农业问题专家发表高见,以回应高层的英明决策。
Since the Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, the new Central Party Committee and the State Council have paid great attention to the “Issues Concerning Agriculture, Countryside and Farmers.” After Premier Wen Jiabao pointed out: “If peasants do not have land, they will have no escape route and society will be very difficult to stabilize.” Until the Central Government issued a circular in a row, requiring all levels of government to thoroughly rule out and rectify the land market order has basically halted the new round “Rodeo Movement.” High-level policy of closeness to people, the first implementation of Sri Lanka, because of the cover of the land is the lifeblood of farmers. Not to mention the modern times, from Hong Tianxiu’s system of Tian Tian Tianmu, an imaginary ingredient to Sun Yat-sen’s “cultivated land”, to Mao Zedong’s “distribution of the landowners’ land to peasants”, reflecting the success of the democratic revolution Peasants and land. In light of the painful consequence of the Soviet Party’s despotic administration of agriculture and despising the peasantry in power loss, we must learn historical lessons and realize that the land not only affects the rights to subsistence of 900 million peasants, but also the social Stability and political rise and fall. In view of this, this issue is specially invited by Soviet history experts and Chinese social and agricultural experts to express their opinions in response to the wise decisions made by top leaders.