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本研究试图了解社区居民心理科学的普及状况,寻找普及心理知识的方法和途径。通过自编张家港市社区居民心理健康服务情况问卷、防御方式问卷调查及访谈社区工作者,选取张家港市长安社区、万红社区、沙工社区等社区居民,发放问卷300份。调查内容包括社区居民心理健康现状、对开展心理健康服务的需求及社区普及心理科学知识情况等,共收回有效问卷278份。调查结果显示,居民中有27.9%的人防御方式不成熟,70.3%的居民关注心理健康方面的问题,64.8%的人愿意接受心理健康服务。在对心理健康服务的需求量上,36~45岁社区居民需求最高,为38.5%,其次为25~35岁和46~59岁,分别为24.3%和23.8%,60岁社区老人需求量最低,为13.4%。有59.5%的人认为,如果遇到心理困惑,希望接受心理专业人士和社会工作者的帮助。如社区心理知识宣传力度不够、社区心理健康服务工作的人员缺乏专业化、心理科学知识普及率低、心理健康活动参与积极性不强。因此研究者认为,目前社区心理健康知识普及比较迫切,社区可以通过规范社区心理健康服务工作的内容及标准、组建专业化服务团队、普及心理健康理念、加强配套设施建设等途径让心理科学深入人心。
This study attempts to understand the popularity of psychology in community residents and find ways and means to popularize psychological knowledge. Zhangjiagang Changan community, Wanhong community and Shagong community were selected and 300 questionnaires were distributed through self-compiled questionnaire on mental health services of community residents in Zhangjiagang city, questionnaire of defense mode and interviews with community workers. The survey included the status quo of community residents’ mental health, the demand for mental health services and the popularization of psychological science knowledge in the community. A total of 278 valid questionnaires were collected. The survey results showed that 27.9% of the residents were immature, 70.3% of the residents were concerned about mental health problems, and 64.8% were willing to accept mental health services. Among the demand for mental health services, the demand for community residents aged 36-45 was the highest at 38.5%, followed by those aged 25-35 and 46-59, respectively, at 24.3% and 23.8% respectively, with the lowest demand among the 60-year-old community , 13.4%. 59.5% of people think that if they encounter psychological confusion, they hope to receive the help of psychologists and social workers. For example, the publicity of community psychology knowledge is not enough, the staff of community mental health service lack of specialization, the popularization rate of psychological science knowledge is low, and the enthusiasm for mental health activities is not strong. Therefore, the researchers believe that at present, there is an urgent need to popularize psychological health knowledge in communities. Communities can make psychological science popular among people by standardizing the contents and standards of community mental health services, establishing specialized service teams, popularizing the concept of mental health, and strengthening the construction of ancillary facilities .