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以44个杂种小麦亲本(22个恢复系,22个保持系),两个品种,25个杂交组合(F_1)为供试材料,采用多元分析方法研究亲本材料之间的遗传距离及其与杂种优势的关系。结果表明:遗传距离与杂种优势呈曲线关系:Y=-13.120+3.955x-0.134x_2在一定范围内(D~2≤14.7135),杂种优势随遗传距离增大而增大,直线相关系数 r=0.729超过这个范围,杂种优势随遗传距离的增大反而降低,直线相关系数 r=-0.748,仅有少数几个例外。认为可用遗传距离作为杂种优势预测的一个指标.聚类分析将46个材料聚入13个类群。同类材料间杂种优势相对低于类间材料组合的优势。认为应在不同类群间选择亲本。上位性效应,减值显性基因的存在可能是曲线形成的原因,亦可能与材料适应性有关。研究时对供试材料要有所选择。
A total of 44 hybrid wheat parents (22 restorer lines, 22 maintainer lines), two cultivars and 25 hybrid combinations (F_1) were used as materials to study the genetic distance between parents and their hybrids Advantage of the relationship. The results showed that the genetic distance had a curve relationship with heterosis: Y = -13.120 + 3.955x-0.134x_2. Within a certain range (D ~ 2≤14.7135), the heterosis increased with the increase of genetic distance, the linear correlation coefficient r = 0.729 beyond this range, heterosis decreased with increasing genetic distance, the linear correlation coefficient r = -0.748, with a few exceptions. Genetic distances were considered as an indicator of heterosis prediction.Cluster analysis aggregated 46 materials into 13 taxa. The heterosis between similar materials is lower than the advantage of the inter-class material combinations. It is suggested that parents should be chosen among different groups. Epistatic effect, the existence of impairment dominant genes may be the reason for the formation of curves, may also be related to material adaptability. Study materials to be tested have a choice.