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一、中国工业经济高速增长工业就业扩展相对滞后经济学家认为在经济发展的初期与中期阶段,工业部门尤其是制造业部门(其占工业部门的产值与就业比重都非常高)是经济增长的发动机,不仅因为工业部门劳动生产率高,而且因为工业尤其是制造业在产业间的前向与后向联系效应都很显著。在刘易斯(1954)著名的二元经济模型中,工业部门的扩展不断吸纳农村剩余劳动力,提高了农业部门的劳动生产率。工业部门
I. Rapid growth of China's industrial economy Relatively slow expansion of industrial employment Economists believe that in the early and middle stages of economic development, the industrial sector, especially the manufacturing sector, which accounts for a very high proportion of the output and employment in the industrial sector, is in economic growth Engine, not only because of labor productivity in the industrial sector, but also because of the significant backward and forward linkages between industries, especially manufacturing. In the famous dualistic economic model of Lewis (1954), the expansion of the industrial sector continued to absorb the rural surplus labor force and raised the labor productivity in the agricultural sector. Industrial sector