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目的:掌握5岁以下儿童死亡变化趋势及死因构成,为制订有效的干预措施提供依据。方法:对2002~2007年5岁以下儿童死亡监测情况进行回顾性分析。结果:5岁以下儿童死亡率波动较大,儿童年龄越小,死亡比例越高。先天畸形是新生儿、婴幼儿的主要死亡原因。1~4岁儿童意外伤害居死因首位。结论:降低新生儿死亡是降低5岁以下儿童死亡的关键。应加强婚前检查、孕产期保健,预防先天畸形的发生,预防早产,防止孕期感染,预防意外伤害发生,降低5岁以下儿童死亡率。
OBJECTIVE: To grasp the trend of death and the causes of death of children under 5 years of age, and provide basis for formulating effective intervention measures. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the death monitoring of children under 5 years old from 2002 to 2007. Results: The mortality rate of children under 5 years old fluctuated greatly. The younger the children, the higher the death rate. Congenital malformations are the leading cause of death in newborns and infants. 1 to 4-year-old child accidentally injured first place. Conclusion: Reducing neonatal deaths is the key to reducing the deaths of children under five years of age. Should strengthen premarital examination, maternal health, prevention of congenital malformations, prevention of premature birth, prevent infection during pregnancy, prevent accidental injury, reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age.