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调查了我国５个妇幼卫生项目县１９９０～１９９１年０～１４岁儿童意外死亡水平及８０６例意外死亡原因，并分析了５７７例０～４岁儿童意外死亡的主要影响因素。结果表明，五县０～１４岁儿童意外死亡的年发生率为６７．１３／１０万，占儿童总死亡的３１．３０％，是儿童死亡的首要原因。儿童意外死亡前三位死因依次为溺水、窒息、车祸，占全部意外死亡原因的８０％。男孩意外死亡率高于女孩。１～４岁组是儿童意外死亡的重点人群，占儿童期意外死亡的一半以上。０～４岁儿童意外死亡发生地点主要是家中及其周围场所，无成人照看是意外发生的根本原因。说明意外是农村儿童死亡的首要原因，预防儿童溺水、窒息与车祸是减少儿童意外死亡的关键。
The accidental deaths and the causes of accidental death in 806 children aged 0-14 years from 1990 to 1991 in five maternal and child health project counties of China were investigated. The main influencing factors of accidental death in 577 children aged 0-4 years were analyzed. The results showed that the annual incidence of accidental death among children aged 0-14 in five counties was 67.13 / 100,000, accounting for 31.30% of the total deaths of children, which was the leading cause of child death. The top three causes of child accidental death were drowning, asphyxiation and a car accident in turn, accounting for 80% of all the causes of accidental death. The accidental death rate of boys is higher than that of girls. The 1 to 4-year-old group is a key group of children’s accidental deaths, accounting for more than half of childhood accidental deaths. The accidental death of children aged 0-4 occurred mainly in and around the home, and the absence of adult care was the root cause of the accident. It shows that accident is the leading cause of child death in rural areas. Prevention of child drowning, asphyxia and car accident are the keys to reduce the accidental death of children.