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美国是世界上最主要的能源生产和消费大国,在国际能源体系中扮演着重要的角色,20世纪70年代石油危机以后,美国历届政府对其国际能源政策非常重视,其国际能源政策和外交政策、安全政策交错融合,对国际能源格局产生了深远的影响。本文分析了美国的国内能源状况、美国能源霸权的基本目标及其手段,美国国际能源战略主要手段有:能源外交、控制能源产地、保护能源通道、石油战略储备、国际能源合作机制、能源多元化、期货市场、石油美元机制等。论文分析了一个多世纪以来美国能源霸权的变迁,并归纳出美国能源霸权的逻辑。
The United States is the major energy producer and consumer in the world and plays an important role in the international energy system. Since the oil crisis of the 1970s, successive U.S. governments have attached great importance to its international energy policies. Its international energy policy and foreign policy The interdependence of security policies has had a profound impact on the international energy structure. This paper analyzes the domestic energy situation in the United States, the basic objectives of the United States energy hegemony and its means. The main means of the United States international energy strategy are: energy diplomacy, control of energy sources, protection of energy access, strategic oil reserve, international energy cooperation mechanism, energy diversification , The futures market, the oil dollar mechanism. The dissertation analyzes the changes of the energy hegemony in the United States for more than a century and sums up the logic of the energy hegemony in the United States.