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目的通过监测济南市盐碘浓度调整后非高碘地区碘盐食用情况和学龄儿童尿碘水平,了解碘营养状况。方法在济南市非高碘9个县(市、区),按照整群抽样的方法,抽取45个乡镇180个村(居)2 700户居民食用盐,对含碘量进行定量检测。通过人口容量比例概率抽样法(PPS),采集非高碘地区8~10岁儿童尿样,对测定尿碘结果进行分析。结果2014~2015年共监测居民户盐2 700份,碘盐覆盖率为98.74%,碘盐合格率为96.88%,合格碘盐食用率为95.67%。8~10岁儿童尿碘中位数为187.90μg/L,呈正偏态分布。男生尿碘中位数为198.80μg/L,女生尿碘中位数为181.80μg/L,不同性别尿碘水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。城区儿童尿碘中位数182.60μg/L,郊县儿童尿碘中位数为198.70μg/L,不同地区尿碘水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论碘盐浓度调整后,济南市8~10岁学龄儿童碘营养水平总体适宜,但存在性别和地区差异。
Objective To monitor the status of iodine nutrition in iodine salt of non-iodine region and urinary iodine in school-age children by adjusting the concentration of salt iodine in Jinan City. Methods Nineteen counties (cities and districts) without high iodine in Jinan City were sampled from 2 700 households in 180 villages (prefectures) in 45 villages and towns in accordance with the method of cluster sampling, and the iodine content was quantitatively detected. Urine samples from children aged 8 to 10 years in non-iodine area were collected by PPS, and urine iodine determination results were analyzed. Results A total of 2 700 household salt samples were monitored during 2014-2015. The coverage of iodized salt was 98.74%, the pass rate of iodized salt was 96.88%, and the acceptable iodine salt consumption rate was 95.67%. The median urinary iodine of children aged 8 to 10 years was 187.90μg / L, showing a positive skewed distribution. The urinary iodine median of male students was 198.80μg / L, while that of female students was 181.80μg / L. There were significant differences in urinary iodine levels between different sexes (P <0.01). The urinary iodine median of urban children was 182.60μg / L, while that of suburban children was 198.70μg / L. The urinary iodine levels in different areas were significantly different (P <0.01). Conclusion After adjusting the concentration of iodized salt, the iodine nutrition level of school-age children aged 8 ~ 10 in Jinan is generally suitable, but there are gender and regional differences.