晚清政府陷入权力与权威的双重危机。辛亥之后,这危机不仅没有解决,而且以更严峻的形式表现出来。解决的途径有二:一个是建立强有力的中央政府,以行政权力恢复秩序;另一个是各种政治势力协商妥协,建立以宪法为核心的宪政秩序,避免再次革命的冲动。前者虽速效但不稳定,后者虽艰难但具有持久性,从长远来讲,是解决双重危机的最佳方案。制宪政治解决的是一个国家的根本大法问题。参与制宪的各党派虽有各自的信念和利益,但要求他们在制宪时暂时放下私见和私利,从国家的整体利益出 Late Qing government plunged into the double crisis of power and authority. After the crisis of 1911, the crisis was not only solved but also manifested in a more austere form. There are two solutions: one is to establish a strong central government with administrative power to restore order; the other is all kinds of political forces to consult and compromise, the establishment of the Constitution as the core of the constitutional order, to avoid the urge to re-revolution. Although the former is quick but unstable, the latter, though difficult but persistent, will, in the long run, be the best solution to the double crisis. Constitutional political settlement is the fundamental issue of the law of a country. Although all the parties participating in the constitutional preparation have their own beliefs and interests, they are required to temporarily lay aside personal and personal interests when making the Constitution. From the overall interests of the state