1956年 Castleman 等收集报告13例在 X 线检查的才发现的纵隔淋巴样增生性病变,当时他们称之为“酷似胸腺瘤的局部纵隔淋巴结增生”。肉眼和镜下均与胸腺瘤相似,临床经过良性,手术切除不复发亦无转移。由于对其病因还有争论,因此命名各异;如淋巴结错构瘤,良性淋巴瘤,滤泡性淋巴网织细胞瘤,巨大淋巴结增生,巨大淋巴结,血管淋巴样错构瘤,血管滤泡性纵隔淋巴结增生,瘤样淋巴组织增生,血管瘤性 In 1956, Castleman et al. Collected 13 cases of mediastinal lymphoproliferative lesions, which were discovered on X-ray examination, when they called “local mediastinal lymph node resembles that resemble thymoma.” Macroscopic and microscopic thymoma are similar, clinically benign, surgical resection does not relapse nor metastasis. Because of its etiology is still controversial, so different names; such as lymph node hamartoma, benign lymphoma, follicular lymphoblastic sarcoma, lymph node hyperplasia, lymph nodes, giant lymph nodes, vascular follicular Mediastinal lymph node hyperplasia, tumor-like lymphoid hyperplasia, hemangiomas