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中华民族有着悠长深厚的史学文化传统,为世界上任何其他民族所无法企及。而征实的学风,乃此史学文化传统的精髓。已故史学家范文澜曾谓中国古代并存有巫、史两种文化,“史重人事,长于征实;巫事鬼神,富于想象”。此重人事的史学文化的征实传统,长期发蕴播散为中国古代史学中的考据方法。它虽是重人事的史学征实传统的产物,同近代西方在自然科学实证主义影响下产生的史学考据方法不同,但它既带有征实的特点,必然具有多少实证性与科学性的功用。如果说在马克思主义史学产生之前,中国的传统史学研究中还存有若干合理性因素的话,则首先应予提到的是考据方法中所蕴含的某些科学性成分。
The Chinese nation has a long and profound history and cultural tradition that is unattainable for any other nation in the world. The style of study, is the essence of this historical and cultural tradition. The late historian Fan Wensan once said that there are two kinds of witchcraft and history culture in ancient China: “historical events and personnel affairs are longer than actual achievements; witchcraft and ghosts are rich in imagination.” The history of this heavy personnel conscription tradition, long-term development of the dissemination of scattered ancient Chinese history as a test method. Although it is a product of the tradition of historiography with emphasis on personnel matters, it differs from the historical examination of modern Western history under the influence of the positivism of natural sciences. However, it has both the characteristics of confirmation and necessarily positivistic and scientific functions . If there are still some reasonable factors in the study of traditional Chinese history before the birth of Marxist history, the first thing to be mentioned is the certain scientific elements contained in the test.