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依据形态学及ITS、LSU、β-tub和tef-1α等4个片段系统发育分析结果,描述了产自中国的小脆柄菇属微小脆柄菇支系下1个新种及2个中国新记录种,即翘鳞小脆柄菇Psathyrella squarrosa、斑褶菇状小脆柄菇P.panaeoloides和皂味小脆柄菇P.saponacea.翘鳞小脆柄菇发现于广东省,群生,担子体较小,以菌盖由长椭圆形至近球形膨大细胞组成的白色角状鳞片及囊状的侧生囊状体为主要识别特征.提供了详细的描述、线条图、生态照片及相近种的检索表.“,”Three species of the/pygmaea clade in the genus Psathyrella,P.panaeoloides,P.saponacea,and P.squarrosa,are reported in China.The new species,P.squarrosa,discovered in Guangdong Province,is characterized by its gregarious and small basidiomata,subcorniform and evanescent veil consisting of oblong-ellipsoid to subglobose cells and utriform pleurocystidia.The morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses(ITS,LSU,p-tub and tef-1α)show that P.squarrosa is unique and distinct from related species within Psathyrella.The detailed description,color photos,illustrations and a key to related species are presented.