在长期计划经济体制下,我国的人事管理体制曾长期把企业的经营管理人员和政府公务员及专业技术人员笼统地称为“干部”。在对党政干部、企业领导人的选拔、使用、评价、监督中存在一些误区,主要表现在以下几个方面:一、使用中“动力”的误区改革开放以来,在对企业领导班子管理方面已进行了大量的探索,但总的来看,没有跳出把企业经营者等同于机关干部的框框:不同的企业都有行政级别,企业领导干部也严格按级别由不同的机关任命、管理,企业领导调动都带有相应的级别,而且其工资、福利待遇也比照其级别执行。在这种情况下,企业家变成了终身制长官或准政府官员。不少企业领导人只是把经营企业作为升迁的跳板,千方百计地讨好上级主管部门,难免做出一些权钱交易、损害国家和企业利益的事情。对国有企业领导人的激励重精神、轻物质,其工资待遇普遍较低,特别是在同一类型企业中,对贡献大小甚至没有贡献、亏损企业的领导人都实行同一工资标准,企业领导人劳动的特殊性及特殊性的价值在国有企业得不到承认。现有的人事制度和组织制度在很大程度上挫伤束缚了企业经营者的积极性,企 Under the long-term planned economy, China’s personnel management system has long referred to the managers and civil servants and professional and technical personnel of enterprises as “cadres” for a long period of time. There are some misunderstandings in the selection, use, evaluation and supervision of party and government cadres and business leaders, which are mainly manifested in the following aspects: I. Misunderstandings of “motivation” in use Since the reform and opening up, in the management of the enterprise’s leading bodies A great deal of exploration has been carried out, but on the whole, there has been no box that equates business managers with organs and cadres: different enterprises have administrative levels and leading cadres of enterprises are also strictly appointed, administered and administered by different organs at different levels Leader mobilization has a corresponding level, and its wages, benefits are also executed in accordance with its level. In this case, the entrepreneur becomes a lifelong or quasi-government official. Many business leaders just run their business enterprises as a springboard for promotion and do everything possible to please higher-level competent departments. It is inevitable that some business transactions will be made that will damage the interests of the country and the enterprises. Incentives for the leaders of state-owned enterprises are generally lower in wages and material resources, especially in the same type of enterprises, and even without contribution to the contribution size. The leaders in the loss-making enterprises all adopt the same wage standard and the leaders in the enterprises work The particularity and particularity of the value of the state-owned enterprises can not be recognized. The existing personnel system and organizational system to a large extent dampened the enthusiasm of business operators, enterprises