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针对传统的电类应变传感器防水性能差、测量精度低和不能满足巷道涌水模型试验的需要等问题,基于模型相似材料研制了一种新型光纤光栅(FBG)应变传感器。采用波分复用(WDM)技术和Fabry-Perot(F-P)腔解调技术组成FBG应变传感网络,并编写了具有实时显示和自动预警功能的系统软件。将该系统用在巷道涌水模型试验中,在巷道周围布置了14个FBG应变传感器,对巷道推进过程以及模型加载和巷道扩挖过程中围岩应变进行实时监测。试验结果表明,设计的FBG应变监测系统测量精度高,防水性能强,并且提前4 206 s成功捕获了巷道涌水前兆信息,为预测煤矿矿等涌水事故提供了一种新的有效手段。
Aiming at the problems of poor water-proof performance, low measuring accuracy and the inability to meet the requirement of tunnel gushing water model test, the traditional electric strain sensors have been developed based on the model-like materials to develop a novel FBG strain sensor. The FBG strain sensing network is composed of WDM and Fabry-Perot (F-P) cavity demodulation, and the system software with real-time display and automatic warning function is prepared. The system is used in tunnel water gushing model test. Around the roadway, 14 FBG strain sensors are arranged to monitor the surrounding rock strain during the process of roadway propulsion and model loading and tunnel excavation. The test results show that the designed FBG strain gauging system has high measuring precision and strong waterproofing performance, and successfully captured the precursor information of tunnel water inflow in advance of 4 206 s, providing a new effective measure for the prediction of gushing accidents in coal mines.