Objective The India-Asia collision and uplift of the Tibetan plateau are the most important geological events in Earth’s history;it profoundly affects our understanding of global climate change during the Cenozoic.Despite a research history over half a century,the uplifting history remains hotly controversial.The early uplifting model suggested that the Lhasa terrane attained an elevation of 3-4 km at~99 Ma due to the LhasaQiangtang collision.However,the evidences are Objective The India-Asia collision and uplift of the Tibetan plateau are the most important geological events in Earth’s history; it profoundly affects our understanding of global climate change during the Cenozoic. Despite a research history over half a century, the uplifting history remains hotly controversial The early uplifting model suggested that the Lhasa terrane attained an elevation of 3-4 km at ~ 99 Ma due to the Lhasa Qiangtang collision. Hosted by the Lhasa