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目的分析麻疹消除目标年西双版纳州麻疹流行病学特征,探讨麻疹防控策略,为实现消除麻疹目标提供依据。方法对2012年麻疹疫情监测数据进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2012年该州共报告麻疹病例130例,其中该地病例124例,境外输入病例6例(缅甸5例、老挝1例)。报告发病率为10.88/10万,发病率较前3年有明显的上升;麻疹病例的年龄分布呈“双向移位”现象,≤1岁儿童和≥20岁成人病例数占总病例数67.74%;10和11月为发病高峰,占64.52%;发病数最多地区为勐腊县,占58.87%;职业分布以散居儿童为主,占50.81%;无免疫史和免疫史不详者占88.60%。结论西双版纳州麻疹发病率上升明显,存在免疫空白人群和境外输入病例,应进一步加强麻疹疫苗的初始免疫和强化免疫工作,提高接种率,消除免疫空白人群和做好境外输入病例的预防控制工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Xishuangbanna Prefecture during the target year of measles elimination and to explore the strategy of measles prevention and control so as to provide the basis for eliminating the measles target. Methods Epidemiological analysis of measles epidemic surveillance data in 2012 was performed. Results In 2012, a total of 130 measles cases were reported in the state, of which 124 were imported and 6 were imported overseas (5 in Myanmar and 1 in Laos). Reported incidence of 10.88 / 100 000, the incidence increased significantly compared with the previous 3 years; the age distribution of measles cases were “two-way shift ” phenomenon, ≤ 1 year-old children and ≥ 20 years of age adult cases accounted for the total number of cases Accounting for 58.87%; the occupational distribution was dominated by diaspora, accounting for 50.81%; the history of no immunization and immunization was 88.60%, the highest incidence was 64.52%; the highest incidence was Mengla County, accounting for 58.87% . Conclusion The incidence of measles increased significantly in Xishuangbanna Prefecture. There were immunization blank population and imported cases. The initial immunization and intensive immunization of measles vaccine should be strengthened, the vaccination rate should be increased, the immune blank population should be eliminated, and the prevention and control of imported cases should be eliminated.