考虑轨道不平顺及其可能引起的跳车现象,采用接触算法中的罚刚度法,在接触力与接触面之间建立了力与位移之间的线性关系。通过合理调整罚刚度值,有效控制穿透距离,将计算中迭代次数控制在合理范围之内,避免了病态刚度矩阵,使得计算结果趋近于真实值。利用精细积分技术,在时间域内进行参数离散化处理,构造时间差分格式,利用直接积分法和对应的初始条件,得到结构位移、速度和加速度关于时间递推的表达式。为提高计算效率,并保证计算结果的收敛性,将整体分析过程划分为2个子模型(移动力模型,刚性梁模型)。在给定收敛性准则的基础上,采用循环迭代技术进行数值求解;借助于MATLAB平台完成了上述车桥耦合动力学分析的编程。数值分析结果表明:当轨道平顺时,所提算法结果与Hertz弹簧模型结果高度一致;同时考虑单跨和三跨刚构桥,存在加减速度情况时,所提算法结果与Hertz弹簧模型结果完全一致,证明了所提算法的可靠性;考虑轨道不平顺时,所提算法结果与Hertz弹簧模型结果具有相同的变化规律,但数值偏高,反映了跳车冲击力的动力效应;对于行驶在桥梁上的多车情况,特别是轨道不平顺情况下,车辆跳起和下落冲击是客观存在的,采用所提的界面接触法能够真实地模拟车桥动力学耦合工况。 Taking into account the track irregularity and its possible trip phenomenon, a linear relationship between force and displacement is established between the contact force and the contact surface using the penalty stiffness method in the contact algorithm. By reasonably adjusting the value of penalty stiffness and effectively controlling the penetration distance, the number of iterations in the calculation is controlled within a reasonable range to avoid the sickness stiffness matrix and make the calculation result approach to the true value. Using the precise integral technique, the parameters are discretized in the time domain to construct the time difference scheme. By using the direct integral method and the corresponding initial conditions, expressions of displacement, velocity and acceleration of the structure about the time recursion are obtained. In order to improve the computational efficiency and ensure the convergence of the calculation results, the whole analysis process is divided into two sub-models (moving force model and rigid beam model). Based on the given convergence criterion, the iterative technique is used to solve the numerical problem. The programming of the vehicle-axle coupled dynamic analysis is completed by means of MATLAB platform. The results of numerical analysis show that the results of the proposed method are highly consistent with the Hertz spring model when the track is smooth, and the results of the proposed method and the Hertz spring model are completely The results show that the proposed algorithm has the same variation with the Hertz spring model, but the numerical value is too high, which reflects the dynamic effect of the impact force of the jumping vehicle. Under the condition of multi-axle on the bridge, especially in the case of track irregularities, the vehicle jump and drop impact are objective. The proposed interface contact method can simulate the dynamic coupling condition of the axle.