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目的分析2012-2015年石家庄市境外输入性疟疾流行情况,为制定有针对性的疟疾防控对策提供科学依据。方法收集2012-2015年石家庄市境外输入性疟疾疫情资料,对感染疟原虫虫种、人群特征、感染来源、发病及诊治情况等进行描述性分析,对感染不同种类疟原虫病例的发病-初诊、初诊-确诊、发病-确诊时间分别进行统计分析。结果 2012-2015年石家庄市共报告境外输入性疟疾病例92例,其中来自非洲国家88例(恶性疟占53.41%),来自东南亚及其他地区4例(间日疟占50%)。从病例的分布地区看,除外籍2例、安徽籍1例外,其余89例病例分布于河北省6个地市的28个县(市)区。病例的职业以出境务工的青壮年农民工为主,占90.22%。从发病到就诊时间中位数为1 d,从就诊到确诊时间中位数为5 d。病例报告单位以消除疟疾国家级哨点医院石家庄市第五医院为主,占72.83%。42.39%的病例初次就诊时被诊断为其他疾病。所有病例均为实验室确诊病例,均得到规范的抗疟治疗。结论石家庄市境外输入性疟疾病例逐年增多,且以恶性疟为主,建议进一步建立本地医疗卫生机构与出入境检验检疫部门的长效合作机制,及时、有效地处置输入性疟疾病例,避免重症病例或死亡病例的发生。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of imported malaria in Shijiazhuang from 2012 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for the development of targeted malaria prevention and control measures. Methods The epidemic data of imported malaria in Shijiazhuang from 2012 to 2015 were collected. The epidemic situation of imported malaria in Shijiazhuang from 2012 to 2015 was analyzed. Descriptive analysis was made on the characteristics of the infected malaria parasite, the source of the infection, the incidence and the diagnosis and treatment of the malaria parasite. Initial diagnosis - diagnosis, onset - diagnosis time were analyzed statistically. Results A total of 92 cases of imported malaria cases were reported in Shijiazhuang from 2012 to 2015, of which 88 cases (53.41%) were from African countries and 4 cases were from Southeast Asia and other regions (50%). In terms of the distribution of cases, in addition to foreign 2 cases, Anhui 1 exception, the remaining 89 cases distributed in six cities in Hebei Province, 28 counties (cities). Occupation of cases of migrant workers leaving young workers mainly accounted for 90.22%. The median time from onset to treatment was 1 d, and the median time from diagnosis to diagnosis was 5 days. Case reporting units to eliminate malaria National Sentinel Hospital Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital, accounting for 72.83%. 42.39% of the cases were diagnosed as other diseases on initial visit. All cases were laboratory confirmed cases, have been standardized anti-malarial treatment. Conclusions The incidence of imported malaria outside Shijiazhuang City increased year by year with predominantly falciparum malaria. It is suggested that a long-term cooperation mechanism should be set up between local medical and health institutions and entry-exit inspection and quarantine departments to deal with imported malaria cases in a timely and effective manner and avoid severe cases Or deaths.