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坚硬难冒厚砂岩和厚砾岩顶板的控制,一直是国内外采矿界十分重视的一个难题.由于缺乏可靠的理论指导和有效的顶板控制措施.它曾给煤矿造成严重的顶板事故.目前仍广泛采用煤柱支撑顶板方法,结果造成顶板事故多,煤炭资源回收率低,自然发火频繁,机械化水平低,产量低,效率低等一系列问题.本文对坚硬难冒顶板岩性的基本特点,矿压显现的基本规律,控制坚硬难冒顶板的理论和技术途径,进行了论述,本文重点论述高压水对坚硬岩体的破坏机理;对坚硬岩体进行高压预注水和深孔预爆破技术试验;控制坚硬顶板的技术经济效果等,最后对坚硬难冒顶板控制技术的发展方向,提出了一些具体意见.
Hard and hard to take the control of thick sandstone and thick conglomerate roof has always been a problem that the mining community attaches great importance to because of the lack of reliable theoretical guidance and effective roof control measures.It has caused serious roof accidents for coal mines. Widely used coal pillar support roof method, resulting in a large number of roof accidents, coal resource recovery rate is low, frequent natural fire, low mechanization level, low output, low efficiency and a series of problems.In this paper, The basic law of occurrence of underground pressure and the theory and technical approaches to control hard and hard roof are discussed in this paper. The dissertation focuses on the failure mechanism of high pressure water on hard rock. The experiment of high pressure pre-injection and deep-hole pre-blasting on hard rock mass ; Control of the technical and economic effects of hard roof, etc. Finally, hard to take the roof control technology development direction, put forward some specific opinions.