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目的探讨营养护理干预对老年骨折营养缺失患者术后康复进程的影响。方法选取本院2012年3月—2014年2月收治的50例骨折的老年患者为研究对象,随机分为2组,各25例,对照组采取常规护理,干预组采取营养护理干预的方法,比较两组术后蛋白指标、电解质指标,测量各项人体数据和记录两组临床结局指标。计量资料组间比较采用两独立样本的t检验,组内比较采用配对t检验,不同时间点比较采用重复测量资料的方差分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果两组患者术后第15天TP、ALB和Hb水平[(73.7±8.1)、(48.3±5.4)、(141.1±8.3)g/L与(67.8±8.7)、(40.2±9.1)、(104.2±13.4)g/L]均高于术后第1天[(52.4±4.8)、(29.1±3.8)、(110.2±7.8)g/L与(54.4±5.8)、(27.1±7.4)、(118.2±6.1)g/L],差异均有统计学意义(t=11.311、6.408、14.539、5.584、13.565、4.754,均P<0.05)。干预组术后第15天Na+、K+水平[(151.13±1.33)、(5.12±0.71)mmol/L]均高于对照组[(132.74±3.45)、(4.31±0.60)mmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组患者不同时间点的左手握力[(27.75±7.43)、(21.88±7.64)、(26.63±5.12)kg与(26.89±8.12)、(20.33±7.53)、(22.44±6.01)kg]、右手握力[(33.41±6.24)、(28.97±7.02)、(31.32±7.46)kg与(32.65±6.44)、(25.64±7.32)、(27.09±6.01)kg]比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=7.21、6.42,均P<0.05)。干预组患者伤口愈合时间、住院时间[(12.44±4.79)、(20.32±4.13)d]均明显短于对照组[(17.31±4.12)、(26.11±3.09)d],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论营养护理干预能有效补充老年骨折患者的营养缺失问题,减少并发症的产生,加速伤口愈合,缩短患者住院时间。
Objective To investigate the effect of nutritional nursing intervention on postoperative rehabilitation in elderly patients with fracture-deficient patients. Methods A total of 50 elderly patients with fractures treated in our hospital from March 2012 to February 2014 were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 25 cases each. The control group was given routine nursing intervention, and the intervention group was given nutrition nursing intervention. After comparing the two groups of protein index, electrolyte index, the measurement of human data and record the clinical outcome of two groups of indicators. Measurement data were compared between groups using two independent samples of the t test, the group was compared using paired t test, repeated measurements at different time points using ANOVA, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The levels of TP, ALB and Hb on the 15th postoperative day were significantly higher in the two groups ([73.7 ± 8.1], (48.3 ± 5.4), (141.1 ± 8.3) g / L vs (67.8 ± 8.7), (40.2 ± 9.1) (52.4 ± 4.8), (29.1 ± 3.8), (110.2 ± 7.8) g / L and (54.4 ± 5.8), (27.1 ± 7.4) days after operation respectively (118.2 ± 6.1) g / L], the difference was statistically significant (t = 11.311,6.408,14.539,5.584,13.565,4.754, all P <0.05). The levels of Na + and K + in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group on the 15th day [(151.13 ± 1.33) and (5.12 ± 0.71) mmol / L] [(132.74 ± 3.45) and (4.31 ± 0.60) mmol / L] All were statistically significant (P <0.05). The left hand grip strength of the two groups at different time points were significantly higher than those of the control group [(27.75 ± 7.43), (21.88 ± 7.64), (26.63 ± 5.12) kg and (26.89 ± 8.12), (20.33 ± 7.53) and (22.44 ± 6.01) kg, The difference was statistically significant (F (33.41 ± 6.24), (28.97 ± 7.02), (31.32 ± 7.46) kg and (32.65 ± 6.44), (25.64 ± 7.32) and (27.09 ± 6.01) kg, respectively = 7.21,6.42, all P <0.05). The wound healing time and hospital stay in the intervention group were significantly shorter than those in the control group [(12.44 ± 4.79) and (20.32 ± 4.13) days, respectively] (17.31 ± 4.12 and 26.11 ± 3.09 d, respectively] (All P <0.05). Conclusion Nutritional nursing intervention can effectively supplement the nutritional deficiencies of elderly patients with fractures, reduce the incidence of complications, accelerate wound healing and shorten the hospitalization time.