目的　对实验检测方法进行对比分析，探讨对结核病诊断的价值。方法　选健康人５３ 名、肺结核７０ 例及非结核肺部疾患３０ 例，采用痰涂片、培养、结明试验、酶联免疫法及聚合酶链反应检测进行对比分析。结果　涂片、培养、酶联免疫法特异性高，但敏感性低于５０ ％ ，其次为聚合酶链反应法，结明试验特异性与敏感性分别为９８１ ％ 及６４２ ％ 。结论　结明试验具有特异性高、简便、快速等特点，是结核病诊断的一种有力辅助手段。 Objective To compare and analyze the test methods and explore the value of the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Methods 53 healthy individuals, 70 pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 30 non-tuberculosis pulmonary disease patients were selected and compared by sputum smear, culture, test of conclution, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction. Results The results of smear, culture and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were highly specific, but the sensitivity was less than 50%. The second was polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that the specificity and sensitivity were 981% and 642%, respectively. Conclusion Conclusion test with high specificity, simplicity, fast and so on, is a powerful tool for diagnosis of tuberculosis.