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目的为探索大肠癌归因风格与人格特征的关系,为心理干预提供理论依据。方法采用病例对照的研究方法,对45例大肠癌患者(研究组)及49例健康人(对照组)采用统一的心理学问卷:归因方式问卷(ASQ)、大五人格问卷简化版(NEO-FFI)进行测评。结果大肠癌组患者大五人格特征在神经质、宜人性、认真性得分明显高于对照组(P<0.05);大肠癌患者对正性事件的归因风格在普遍维度上与外倾性(r=-0.362,P<0.05)呈负相关,与宜人性呈负相关(r=-0.449,P<0.01);对负性事件的内外维度与开放性呈正相关(r=0.307,P<0.05),稳定维度与认真性呈负相关(r=-0.301,P<0.05);大肠癌组归因风格各维度与对照组相比:正性事件的内外维度t=2.874,P=0.005;稳定维度t=4.477,P=0.000;普遍维度t=4.461,P=0.000;总体得分t=5.181,P=0.000,以及负性事件的稳定维度t=4.706,P=0.000;总体得分t=3.283,P=0.000。结论大肠癌患者的归因风格倾向于内在归因,且受人格特征的影响;对正性事件的归因较负性事件受人格特征的影响更为明显。
Objective To explore the relationship between attribution and personality traits of colorectal cancer and to provide a theoretical basis for psychological intervention. Methods A case-control study was conducted in 45 patients with colorectal cancer (study group) and 49 healthy individuals (control group) using the Unified Psychological Questionnaire: Attribution Questionnaire (ASQ), Big Five Personality Questionnaire (NEO -FFI) for evaluation. Results The scores of personality traits in patients with colorectal cancer were significantly higher than those in controls (P <0.05). The attribution of positive events in colorectal cancer patients was positively correlated with extraversion (r (R = -0.449, P <0.01). There was a positive correlation between internal and external dimensions of negative events and openness (r = 0.307, P <0.05) (R = -0.301, P <0.05). Compared with the control group, the attribution dimension of colorectal cancer group was significantly lower than that of the control group (t = 2.874, P = 0.005) t = 4.477, P = 0.000; generalized t = 4.461, P = 0.000; overall score t = 5.181, P = 0.000 and stable dimension of negative events t = 4.706, P = 0.000; = 0.000. Conclusion Attribution style of patients with colorectal cancer tends to be intrinsic attribution and is influenced by personality traits; the attribution of positive events is more obvious than that of negative events by personality characteristics.