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采用三角形薄壁量水堰观测方法,对元谋干热河谷典型区段林地和农地集水区的水土流失进行了研究。结果表明:在雨季12次产流降雨中,产流量总值、产沙量总值均为林地<农地,径流深减少61.77%,输沙模数减少38.42%;降雨量在4.8～27.6 mm之间时,径流深趋势为农地<林地,产沙量为农地>林地;降雨量>27.6 mm时,产流量与产沙量均为农地>林地。不同集水区径流深与产沙量线性关系显著,且产流量相近时农地产沙量增长速率高于林地,说明林地水土保持效果要明显好于农地。
Using triangular thin-wall weir observation method, the soil and water loss of forest land and farmland catchment in the typical section of Yuanmou dry-hot valley was studied. The results showed that the total amount of runoff and sediment yield in the 12 rainstorm rapids were both forest land forest land; when rainfall> 27.6 mm, both runoff and sediment yield are farmland> forest land. The runoff depth and the sediment yield in different catchment areas have a significant linear relationship. When the runoff is similar, the growth rate of farmland sediment yield is higher than that of forest land, indicating that the effect of water and soil conservation in forest land is obviously better than that of farmland.