本文主要概括总结中学阶段常用的判断中心原子杂化类型与空间几何构型的方法,提供解决杂化轨道类型判断的多种角度.为了解释分子的空间构型,化学家先后用价层电子对互斥理论和原子轨道杂化理论对多原子分子的中心原子进行研究.通常的研究程序如图1所示. In this paper, we summarize the commonly used methods of determining the type and geometrical configuration of atomic hybrids in the middle school stage, and provide various perspectives to solve the problem of hybrid orbital types.In order to explain the spatial configuration of the molecules, chemists have used valence electron pairs Mutex theory and atomic orbital hybridization theory of polyatomic molecules of the central atom. The usual research program shown in Figure 1.