超越自我,这是近代超越传统主体哲学的根本出发点。胡塞尔试图通过共现、移情来揭示他者,超越自我,但却因没有摆脱主体同一性框架,而陷入“唯我”困境。海德格尔跳出了认识论,从社会交互的共在层面展现他者,超越了“我思”视域,但共在中的他者并没有超越情感主体自我的依附性。列维纳斯继承了海德格尔的社会交互性,并从欲望角度去探讨他者绝对性,才从根本上超越了自我,走向他者。 Surpassing ego, this is the fundamental starting point for the modern beyond the traditional philosophy of the main body. Husserl tried to reveal the other and surpass himself through co-occurrence and empathy, but fell into the predicament because of not getting rid of the framework of subject identity. Heidegger jumps out of epistemology, showing the other from the common level of social interaction, beyond the “I think” field of vision, but the other in the co-existence does not exceed the attachment of the emotional subject self. Levinas inherited Heidegger’s social interaction, and from the desire point of view to explore the absoluteness of the other, it fundamentally beyond the ego, to the other.