顺序选优技术(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,TOPSIS),又称逼近理想解排序法,是系统工程中有限方案多目标决策分析常用的一种决策方法,具有灵活、简便、快速、实用的特点,广泛应用于效益评价卫生决策和卫生事业管理等多个领域[1]。水质综合评价实际上是一种依据水质标准进行水质等级划分的典型的模式识别问题,由于评 TOPSIS, also called approximation ideal solution, is a common decision-making method for multi-objective decision-making analysis of finite solutions in system engineering. It has the advantages of flexible, simple, fast, Practical features, widely used in many areas such as health evaluation and health management benefit evaluation [1]. The comprehensive evaluation of water quality is actually a typical pattern recognition problem of water quality classification based on water quality standards,