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用放射免疫法测定了７３例胸腔积液患者的血清和胸腔积液的神经元特异性烯醇化酶（ＮＳＥ）水平。结果表明，小细胞肺癌（ＳＣＬＣ）血清ＮＳＥ与胸腔积液ＮＳＥ呈正相关，ＳＣＬＣ胸腔积液ＮＳＥ显著高于非小细胞肺癌（ＮＳＣＬＣ）胸腔积液及结核性胸腔积液的ＮＳＥ水平（ｐ＜０．０１，ｐ＜０．０１）。认为ＮＳＥ是诊断ＳＣＬＣ胸腔积液有价值的指标。
Radioimmunoassay was used to measure the neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels in serum and pleural effusion in 73 patients with pleural effusion. The results showed that serum NSE of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) was positively correlated with NSE of pleural effusion. NSE of SCLC pleural effusion was significantly higher than that of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) pleural effusion and tuberculous pleural effusion (p<0. .01, p<0.01). It is considered that NSE is a valuable indicator for diagnosing pleural effusion in SCLC.