100Ma——塔里木盆地演化的重要周期

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运用沉积盆地波动分析方法对塔里木盆地典型井的周期分析表明,塔里木盆地在其地质历史时期100Ma的周期是很明显的,自寒武纪以来共经历了4个完整的周期,每一完整周期都由正相位和负相位两个半周期所组成,而第三纪为第Ⅴ个周期的正相位阶段。该周期控制了盆地内的沉积与剥蚀的过程及成藏旋回,并至少控制了古生代的反转构造。对沉积与剥蚀过程的控制作用表现在周期波正相位和负相位分别对应于沉积期和剥蚀期;对含油气系统的控制作用表现在:第Ⅰ个周期波构成以早古生代地层为主体的含油气系统,第Ⅱ个周期波至第Ⅳ个周期波构成以晚古生代至中生代地层为主体的含油气系统,第Ⅴ个周期的正相位阶段构成以新生代地层为主体的含油气系统;对反转构造的控制作用表现在:正相位Ⅰ(寒武纪—早奥陶世)和正相位Ⅱ(晚泥盆世晚期—晚石炭世早期)为伸展构造体制,负相位Ⅰ(中奥陶世—晚泥盆世早期)与负相位Ⅱ(晚石炭世晚期—早二叠世早期)为挤压构造体制。塔里木盆地演化具有100Ma周期的原因与古天山洋、古昆仑洋及特提斯洋的B型俯冲触发的地幔羽的上升流及地块的拼贴导致的地幔羽的休眠状态息息相关,从而周期性地控制了塔里木盆地内的沉积与剥蚀过程、成藏旋回及反转构造。 The periodic analysis of the typical wells in the Tarim Basin by using the method of sediment basin fluctuation analysis shows that the Tarim Basin has obvious periods of 100 Ma during its geological history and has undergone 4 complete cycles since the Cambrian, It consists of two half cycles of positive phase and negative phase, while the Tertiary phase is the positive phase phase of the Ⅴ cycle. This cycle controls the process of sedimentation and erosion within the basin and the cycle of hydrocarbon accumulation and controls at least the inversion structure of the Paleozoic. The control effect on sedimentation and erosion processes is that the positive phase and the negative phase of the periodic wave correspond to the sedimentary period and the denudation period, respectively. The controlling effect on the petroleum system is as follows: the first periodic wave constitutes the oil with the Paleozoic strata as the main component Gas system, and the second to the fourth periodic waves form the petroleum system mainly from the Late Paleozoic to the Mesozoic strata. The positive phase phase of the Ⅴ cycle constitutes the petroleum system with Cenozoic strata as the main component. The tectonically controlling functions are as follows: the positive phase Ⅰ (Cambrian - Early Ordovician) and the positive phase Ⅱ (Late Devonian - Late Carboniferous) are extensional tectonics, and the negative phase Ⅰ (Middle Ordovician - Late Devonian) and negative phase Ⅱ (Late Late Carboniferous - Early Permian) were controlled by the compression structure. The reason why the evolution of the Tarim Basin has a period of 100 Ma is closely related to the uplifting of the mantle plume triggered by the B-type subduction triggered by the ancient Tianshan Ocean, the ancient Kunlun Ocean and the Tethys Ocean and the dormancy state of the mantle plume caused by collapsing of the plots, Controlled the sedimentary and denudation processes in the Tarim Basin, and formed the cycles of gyration and inversion.
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