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选取中国东北部一条典型的次生林垂直分布带谱研究阔叶林和针叶林对土壤微生物群落的影响.分别在山杨(1250~1300m)、山杨和白桦的混交林(1370~1550m)、白桦(1550~1720m)、落叶松(1840~1890m)这4种林型下分3层(0~5cm,5~10cm,10~20cm)采集土壤样品,采用氯仿熏蒸-浸提法、磷脂脂肪酸分析法及BiologFF微孔板来检测土壤微生物生物量、微生物群落结构及真菌群落水平生理图谱.结果表明,土壤理化性质(尤其是土壤有机质和土壤含水率)对土壤微生物生物量、群落组成及真菌代谢多样性的变异有显著影响.土壤微生物量、真菌生物量及真菌代谢活性随土层加深而显著降低,而真菌/细菌的比值随土层加深而升高.落叶松林下真菌的比例高于山杨林、白桦林及混交林,而土壤微生物总量则低于3种林型.虽然不同林型对土壤微生物群落变异的直接贡献率为12%,如果考虑到林型通过土壤有机碳而对土壤微生物群落特性产生的间接贡献,则林型的差异对土壤微生物的群落组成及多样性有显著影响.
The vertical distribution bands of a typical secondary forest in northeastern China were used to study the effects of broad-leaved forest and coniferous forest on soil microbial community. The effects of broadleaved forest and coniferous forest on soil microbial community were studied. Soil samples were collected in three layers (0 ~ 5cm, 5 ~ 10cm, 10 ~ 20cm) under 4 types of birch (1550-1720m) and larch (1840-1890m). Chloroform fumigation-extraction method, phospholipid fatty acid Analysis and BiologFF microplate to detect soil microbial biomass, microbial community structure and physiological level of fungal community.The results showed that soil physical and chemical properties (especially soil organic matter and soil moisture content) on soil microbial biomass, community composition and fungi The variation of metabolic diversity had a significant effect.The soil microbial biomass, fungal biomass and fungal metabolic activity decreased significantly with the deepening of the soil layer, while the ratio of fungi to bacteria increased with the deepening of the soil layer.The proportion of fungi in the forest was higher Populus davidiana, Betula platyphylla and Betula platyphylla, while the total amount of soil microorganisms is lower than the three kinds of forest types.Although the direct contribution rate of different forest types to soil microbial community variation is 12% The indirect contribution of community characteristics of soil microorganisms, the differences in forest type has a significant effect on community composition and diversity of soil microorganisms.