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一、特区企业改革的历程 特区企业制度的改革,首先是扩大企业自主权。深圳特区建立之初,就颁布了一系列扩大企业自主权的规定:在生产经营权方面,特区无论是国有企业,还是合资、私营企业,本身都有权根据市场需求情况安排生产计划,组织产品销售,实行以销定产;在资金使用权方面,企业有权对其所留的生产发展基金、新产品试制基金、后备基金等自行支配,利用超额留成利润进行设备更新、技术改造、扩大再生产,经市政府批准有权发行股票和债券;在劳动工资权方面,企业可以根据生产经营的需要,聘用或辞退职工,有权在批准的合同范围内确定工资标准和工资形式;在对外活动经济权方面,企业有权引进先进技术设备,进行技术改造,国有企业经批准还有兼营进出口业务的权利;在企业定价权方面,除国家规定实行控制价格的商品外,企业有权自行决定产品的价格;在物资选购和产品销售方而,企业有权自行选择供货单位,购进经营所需要的商
I. The course of the reform of the SAR enterprises The first step in the reform of the SAR’s corporate system is to expand the autonomy of enterprises. At the beginning of its establishment, the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone promulgated a series of regulations to expand the autonomy of enterprises: Regarding the right to production and operation, regardless of state-owned enterprises, joint ventures or private enterprises, the SAR itself has the right to arrange production plans according to market demand and organize products. Sales, the implementation of the production of sales; in the use of the right to use funds, the company has the right to their own production development funds, new product trial funds, reserve fund, and other self-control, the use of excess retained profits for equipment upgrades, technological transformation, expansion of reproduction With the approval of the municipal government, they have the right to issue shares and bonds; in terms of labor wages, enterprises may employ or dismiss employees in accordance with the needs of production and operation, and have the right to determine wage standards and wage forms within the scope of the approved contracts; In terms of rights, enterprises have the right to introduce advanced technology and equipment and carry out technological transformation. State-owned enterprises have the right to concurrently import and export business after approval. In addition to state regulations, they have the right to decide on their own. The price of the product; in the purchase of goods and products, the company has the right to choose its own supplier to purchase the product. Required quotient