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在河西绿洲灌区进行了休闲期秸秆覆盖免耕储水灌溉的节水效应试验研究.结果表明,在休闲期,NTS(覆盖免耕)可以有效地提高土壤的雨水蓄集和减少土壤的蒸发,具有明显的保墒作用;日均蒸发量和蒸发率随着储水定额的增大而增大.NTS的蒸发率比CTS(秸秆还田)和CTB(常规耕作)分别减小22.58%和40.86%,其日均蒸发量比CTS和CTB分别减少38.53%和51.45%(P<0.01);储水定额750 m3/hm2的蒸发率比1 200、1 6502、100 m3/hm2储水定额分别减小了14.11%2、6.12%和41.13%;储水定额为750 m3/hm2的日均蒸发量比1 200 m3/hm21、650 m3/hm2和2 100 m3/hm2分别减少了32.83%、49.76%和65.04%(P<0.01);且储水定额为750 m3/hm2的条件下NTS的日均蒸发量比CTS和CTB的分别减少了71.43%和77.78%.所以,在NTS条件下适宜的储水定额为750 m3/hm2.
The water saving effect of straw mulching no-tillage storage irrigation during the fallow period was studied in Hexi Oasis irrigation area.The results showed that during the leisure period, NTS (no-tillage covered) can effectively improve the accumulation of rainwater and reduce soil evaporation, The average evaporation and evaporation rate increased with the increase of water storage rate.The evaporation rate of NTS was reduced by 22.58% and 40.86% respectively compared with CTS (straw returning) and CTB (conventional tillage) (P <0.01). The evaporation rate of 750 m3 / hm2 of water storage capacity was lower than that of water storage capacity of 1 200,1 6502 and 100 m3 / hm2, respectively 14.11%, 2.12% and 41.13% respectively. The average daily evaporation of 750 m3 / hm2 was 32.83% and 49.76% less than 1 200 m3 / hm21, 650 m3 / hm2 and 2 100 m3 / hm2 respectively The average daily evaporation of NTS decreased by 71.43% and 77.78% compared with that of CTS and CTB under the condition of a water storage quota of 750 m3 / hm2, respectively. Therefore, suitable storage under NTS The quota is 750 m3 / hm2.