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随着国际社会对海洋价值的认识日渐深化,围绕海洋权益发生的争端也日趋激烈。1982年4月30日,联合国第3次海洋法会议通过了《联合国海洋法公约》首次以国际法的形式对沿海国家的领海、毗连区、专属经济区等作了具体规定,这些新规定不同程度地扩展了沿海国家对相邻海域的权益,“将地球上36%的公海变成了沿海各国的专属经济区,使世界公海缩小了1.3亿平方公里。”就总体而言,《联合国海洋法公约》
As the international community deepens its understanding of ocean value, disputes over maritime rights and interests have also become increasingly fierce. On April 30, 1982, the UN’s 3rd UN Conference on the Law of the Sea adopted the UN Convention of the Law of the Sea, which for the first time specifically stipulates the territorial waters, contiguous zones and exclusive economic zones of coastal states in the form of international law. These new regulations vary in varying degrees Expanding the coastal countries’ rights to neighboring seas, “turning 36 per cent of the Earth’s high seas into an exclusive economic zone in the coastal countries and narrowing the world’s high seas by 130 million square kilometers.” “In general, the United Nations UNCLOS ”