目的了解2013—2014年淮安市手足口病流行特征,为手足口病防控提供病原学依据。方法收集淮安市各县区疾病预防控制中心采集的950例疑似手足口患者的咽拭子和肛拭子标本,采用Real time RT-PCR方法对通用肠道病毒(EV)、肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CA16)的核酸进行检测。结果 950份临床标本中,共检出手足口病阳性标本347份,总阳性率为36.5%。其中EV71型阳性率为15.5%、CA16型阳性率为11.4%、其他EV型阳性率为9.7%。男性阳性率为36.2%,女性阳性率为37.0%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。重症病例感染病原以EV71为主。发病3 d内采集标本的肠道病毒检出率高于发病3 d后采集的标本,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)结论淮安市手足口病主要病原以EV71型、CA16型及其他EV型混合为主,其中EV71为优势型,定期开展手足口病病原学监测有助于做好防控工作。 Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Huaian City from 2013 to 2014 and provide etiological evidence for prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Ninety-five throat swabs and anal swabs from 950 cases of suspected hand-foot mouth swab collected from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of counties in Huai’an were collected. Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of common enterovirus (EV), enterovirus 71 (EV71), Coxsackie virus A group 16 (CA16). Results A total of 347 positive samples of hand, foot and mouth disease were detected in 950 clinical samples, the total positive rate was 36.5%. Among them, the positive rate of EV71 was 15.5%, the positive rate of CA16 was 11.4%, and the positive rate of other EVs was 9.7%. The positive rate of males was 36.2% and the positive rate of females was 37.0%, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). The main pathogen of EV71 infection was severe case. The detection rate of enterovirus in specimens collected within 3 days after onset was higher than that collected 3 days after the onset of disease (P <0.01). Conclusion The main pathogens of HFMD in Huaian City were EV71, CA16 and other EV Type hybrids, EV71 is the dominant type, carry out regular hand-foot-mouth disease etiology monitoring helps to prevent and control work.