对于原油和天然气的长距离运输,最安全、最经济的方式就是管道输送。但长输管道受到各种因素的影响,容易被腐蚀,从而造成油气泄露引起火灾及爆炸、中毒、污染环境等恶性后果,同时带来恶劣的社会及政治影响。本文对长输管道的腐蚀危害因素进行了详细的研究,论述了管道的防护技术,并提出了今后的研究及发展方向。 The safest and most economical way to transport long distances between crude and natural gas is through pipelines. However, long-distance pipelines are subject to various factors and are easily corroded. As a result, leakage of oil and gas causes the vicious consequences of fire and explosion, poisoning and environmental pollution, with adverse social and political impacts. In this paper, the corrosion hazards of long-distance pipelines are studied in detail. The protection technologies of pipelines are discussed. The future research and development directions are also proposed.