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T-type calcium channels exhibit fast voltage-dependent inactivation,for which the underlying structure-function relationship still remains unclear.To investigate the roles of S4 segments in voltage-dependent inactivation of T-type calcium channels,we created S4 replacement chimeras between Cav3.1 calcium channels(fast voltage-dependent inactivation)and Cav1.2 calcium channels(little oltage-dependent inactivation)by replacing S4s in Cav3.1 with the corresponding regions in Cav1.2.Wild type and chimeric channels were expressed in Xenopus oocytes and channel currents were recorded with two-electrode voltage-clamp.We showed that replacing S4 region in domain I shifted voltage-dependence for inactivation of Cav3.1 to the left,and the V0.5 inact and kinact value were significantly changed.However replacing S4s in domains Ⅱ-Ⅳ had no effects on the voltage-dependent inactivation properties.These results suggest that the roles of S4 segments in domains Ⅰ-Ⅳ are different,and S4 in domain I is likely to be involved in voltage-dependent Inactivation process.Its movement during membrane depolarization may trigger a conformational change in the inactivation gate.