(一) 人们解决几何问题时,通常总是先对问题进行识别、归类,然后提出假设进行验证。如果你能从储存在头脑中的、众多的知识中迅速地、有条不紊地择取那些与解题有关的知识,问题就能较快较好地得到解决。但怎样才能做到这一点呢?我们认为,从所给问题的条件和结论中辨认出某种几何图形模式(一类几何图形的代表),常常是唤起有关几何知识的有效途径。那么又怎样从复杂的几何图形中辨认出与解当前问题有关的几何图形模式呢?这就要进行图形分析,运用分解、组合等方法,搞清题述图形的结构,揭示它的特殊性质(显的或隐的,以及与 (A) When people solve geometric problems, usually always identify the problem first, classified, and then make assumptions to verify. If you can quickly and methodically pick up the knowledge about problem-solving from the vast amount of knowledge stored in your mind, the problem can be solved relatively quickly and well. But how can this be done? We believe that recognizing a geometry pattern (a representation of a type of geometry) from the conditions and conclusions of the given problem is often an effective way to evoke knowledge about geometry. So how can we recognize the geometric patterns related to the current problems from the complicated geometric figures? This is to analyze the figures, to find out the special character of the figure by using the methods of decomposition and combination, etc. Obvious or implicit as well as