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18世纪末到19世纪早期,关于犹太人解放的争论围绕着要不要及如何赋予犹太人以公民权这一问题展开,争论的本质是主流社会要求重新审视和定位犹太人在现代国家中的身份。争论强调了犹太人和犹太教存在与主流社会不相容的巨大缺陷,强化了主流社会对犹太社会改革的期待,也增强了犹太人自我改良和应对挑战的紧迫性。犹太教改革运动正是对犹太人解放争论的一种回应,力图在解放时代构筑一种新的犹太身份。
From the late 18th century to the early 19th century, the controversy over the liberation of Jews revolved around the question of whether and how to give Jews citizenship. The essence of the debate was that mainstream society demanded a re-examination and identification of Jewish identities in modern countries. The controversy underlined the huge flaws in the incompatibility of Jews and Judaism with mainstream society, reinforced the expectation of mainstream society over Jewish social reforms, and increased the urgency of Jewish self-improvement and response to the challenges. The Judaism reform movement is just a response to the Jewish liberation controversy, trying to build a new Jewish identity in the liberation era.