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目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区(新疆)鼠疫耶尔森菌(鼠疫菌)规律聚集的间隔短回文重复(CRISPR)位点的遗传多态性,对菌株进行基因分型。方法利用PCR技术对分离自新疆的58株鼠疫菌的基因组DNA进行扩增,测定扩增产物的核酸序列,分析各菌株CRISPR位点的间区序列种类和排列情况,应用Bionumerics软件制作聚类图,确定菌株基因型。结果共鉴定42个间区序列和23种间区序列阵列,58株鼠疫菌分为16个基因型,即基因3型、8型、11型和16型,主要分布在新疆乌恰县、和田地区、尼勒克和玛纳斯县;基因7型的鼠疫菌全部分离自新疆准噶尔盆地大沙鼠及其体表寄生蚤;其他型别的鼠疫菌则主要分布在新疆北天山和准噶尔盆地。结论新疆地区的鼠疫菌CRISPR位点遗传多态性较高,不同基因型的鼠疫菌地理分布有明显的区域性特征。
Objective To understand the genetic polymorphisms of the interval short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) loci of Yersinia pestis in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang), and to genotype the strains. Methods Genomic DNA of 58 strains of Yersinia pestis isolated from Xinjiang was amplified by PCR. The nucleic acid sequences of the amplified products were determined. The types and arrangement of inter-region sequences of CRISPR loci in each strain were analyzed. Bionumerics software was used to generate the clustering map , Determine the strain genotype. Results A total of 42 inter-genomic sequences and 23 inter-genomic sequences were identified. 58 strains of Yersinia pestis were divided into 16 genotypes, namely genotypes 3, 8, 11 and 16, mainly distributed in Wuqia County, Xinjiang Nilek and Manas County. All of the Yersinia pestis isolates were isolated from the gerbil and the surface parasitic fleas in Junggar Basin, Xinjiang. Other types of Yersinia pestis were mainly distributed in the northern Tianshan and Junggar basins of Xinjiang. Conclusion The genetic polymorphism of CRISPR in Yersinia pestis in Xinjiang is high, and the geographical distribution of Yersinia pestis in different genotypes has obvious regional characteristics.