20世纪60年代的法国正值时代变革,各种思潮纷纷涌现,学术界的论战声也此起彼伏。1964年,由罗兰·巴特为首的新批评和以皮卡尔为代表的学院派围绕作品的意义展开了一场旷日持久的论战。这场论战在当时的法国学术界引起了极其强烈的反响,巴特作为新批评的代言人引领起了一股文学批评的新浪潮。 In the 1960s, France was in the midst of a change in the times. Various thoughts of thought emerged one after another, and academic debates came one after another. In 1964, the new criticism led by Roland Barthes and the academicians represented by Picard took a protracted debate around the significance of the work. This controversy aroused an extremely strong reaction in the French academic circles of that time. As a spokesman for the new criticism, Bart was leading a new wave of literary criticism.