黄河流域的新石器时代文化,有一个显明的特点——发达的彩陶,这是其它地区新石器时代的陶器所不及的,特别以黄河中上游的仰韶文化和马家窑文化最为发达,引起广大考古学者的重视。在黄河下游的大汶口文化,彩陶不及仰韶文化、马家窑文化发达,也就未能引起考古学者们应有的关注。甚至有的学者看到与仰韶文化彩陶某些相似的纹饰,就简单的认为是在仰韶文化影响下产生的。对此,我们认为对事物之间的关系问题,必须作 The Neolithic culture of the Yellow River Basin, there is a clear characteristic - the developed pottery, which is Neolithic pottery in other areas beyond, especially in the upper reaches of the Yellow River Yangshao culture and the most developed Majiayao culture, causing widespread Archaeologists value. Dawenkou culture in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, painted pottery less than Yangshao culture, developed Majiayao, also failed to arouse the attention of archaeologists. Some scholars even see some similar ornamentation with Yangshao culture pottery, simply think is generated under Yangshao culture. In this regard, we think that the issue of the relationship between things must be done