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目的:明确中国西北地区人群胃粘膜肠上皮化生的危险因素。方法:通过病例对照研究,采用问卷调查表的形式,纳入了从2014年8月到2015年4月西京医院门诊就诊的具有胃镜检查报告单和/或胃粘膜病理检查报告单的患者。幽门螺杆菌的检测采用13C-/14C-尿素呼气试验或者快速尿素酶试验。结果:本研究共纳入了1800例患者,其中胃粘膜肠上皮化生患者261例。胃粘膜肠上皮化生的危险因素为年龄艹60岁(OR,2.317;95%CI 1.668-3.220;P<0.001)、幽门螺杆菌感染(OR,2.911;95%CI2.339-3.623;P<0.001)、吸烟(OR,2.322;95%CI 1.553-3.470;P<0.001)、胃癌家族史(OR,2.229;95%CI 1.444-3.439;P<0.001)、高盐饮食(OR,1.557;95%CI 1.118-2.168;P=0.009)、辛辣刺激饮食(OR,1.551;95%CI 1.121-2.147;P=0.008)、胆汁反流(OR,1.851;95%CI 1.135-3.021;P=0.014)。结论:我国西北地区胃粘膜肠上皮化生的危险因素为年龄艹60岁、幽门螺杆菌感染、吸烟、胃癌家族史、高盐饮食、辛辣饮食和胆汁反流。
Objective: To clarify the risk factors of gastric mucosa intestinal metaplasia in Northwest China. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in the form of a questionnaire to enrolle patients with gastroscopy reports and / or gastric mucosal pathology reports from August 2014 to April 2015 in Xijing Hospital. Helicobacter pylori detection using 13C- / 14C-urea breath test or rapid urease test. Results: A total of 1800 patients were enrolled in this study, including 261 cases of gastric mucosa intestinal metaplasia. The risk factors for gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia were age 60 years (OR, 2.317; 95% CI 1.668-3.220; P <0.001), Helicobacter pylori infection (OR, 2.911; 95% CI 2.39-3.623, P < 0.001), smoking (OR, 2.322; 95% CI 1.553-3.470; P <0.001), family history of gastric cancer (OR, 2.229; 95% CI 1.444-3.439; (OR, 1.551; 95% CI 1.121-2.147; P = 0.008), bile reflux (OR, 1.851; 95% CI 1.135-3.021; P = 0.014) . Conclusion: The risk factors for gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia in Northwest China are age 60, Helicobacter pylori infection, smoking, family history of gastric cancer, high salt diet, spicy diet and bile reflux.