清代学者阮元提出南北分派论,在其所撰《南北书派论》和《北碑南帖论》二文中,对南北书派的划分依据、各自的发展兴衰以及特点进行了阐述。阮元以地域为基础,将书法分为南北两大流派。他列举了南北两派的代表人物,论述各朝书家的派系归属,重新梳理书法史上碑帖的发展过程,评析北碑南贴的书写特点。旨在为北碑寻找正统渊源,得出了北派才是书法主流的结论。其申北绌南,尊碑抑帖的观点可见一斑。本文对这两篇文章的内容进行简要归纳,并对阮元南北分派论的利弊进行简单论述。 Ruan Yuan, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, put forward the North-South divisionism theory. In his essays “The North-South School Theory” and “The North-East Nanztie Theory”, this article elaborates the division basis and the respective development and decline of South and North School. Ruan Yuan is based on the region and divides the calligraphy into two genres. He enumerated the representative figures of the two factions of the North and the South, discussed the factions attributions of the writers in each dynasty, sorted out the development of rubbings in the history of calligraphy, and analyzed the writing characteristics of the North Monument. The purpose is to find orthodox origin for the North Monument, come to the conclusion that the North School is the mainstream of calligraphy. Its application to North South, respect the monument suppositions can be seen from the point of view. This article briefly summarizes the contents of these two essays and briefly discusses the pros and cons of Ruan Yuan’s North-South Divisionism.